@article{frommberger-pictographs-survey18,
title = {Pictographs in Disaster Communication for Linguistically Challenged and Illiterate Populations},
author = {Frommberger, Lutz and Waidyanatha, Nuwan},
editor = {Silvera, Bañuls},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-05-01},
journal = {International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (IJISCRAM) },
volume = {9},
number = {2},
abstract = {This article describes how pictographs (or pictograms) can be an important means to communicate information about natural disasters to people that are lacking the capability to understand written text. This does not only include illiterates, but also foreigners not speaking the local language. While it is widely accepted that pictograph-based communication can play a major role, there is no established workflow to include this kind of symbols in early warning or disaster reporting practice. This article investigates the topic of pictograph-based communication systems, especially in the field of natural disasters, with a focus on the use of linguistically challenged populations. The authors analyze existing literature, take a look at existing pictograph resources, analyze a first field study with marginalized populations and derive conclusions for a design process for pictograph-based disaster communication systems.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {forthcoming},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@conference{waidyanatha-CPRSouth2017,
title = {Usability and Acceptability of the Sahana Situational-Awareness Platform in Myanmar, Maldives, and the Philippines},
author = {Waidyanatha, Nuwan and Bhandari, Biplov and Frommberger, Lutz},
url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3058620},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-09-01},
booktitle = {Communication Policy Research South (CPRsouth2017)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@article{waidyanatha-JICTS2017,
title = {ITU X.1303 International Warning Standard: Lessons from an Asian Implementation},
author = {Waidyanatha, Nuwan and Bhandari, Biplov and Frommberger, Lutz},
editor = {Anand R. Prasad and Sivabalan Arumugam},
issn = {2245-800X},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-03-01},
journal = {Journal of ICT Standardisation (JICTS)},
volume = {4},
number = {3},
pages = {177-198},
abstract = {The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Standardization Sector recommends implementing the ITU-T X.1303 Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) early warning standard. The Sahana Alerting and Messaging Broker (SAMBRO) software adopts CAP and similar policies and procedures recommended for Mexico by Christian. SAMBRO was operationalized in Myanmar, Maldives, and the Philippines. The strategies for implementing CAP, customizing SAMBRO, and incorporating Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) to meet the individual country requirements, are the primary discussion in this paper. This informative paper presents itself as a case study for CAP Practitioners and Researchers to make use in improving warning interoperability.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}